Russia’s Military Boosts Electromagnetic Spectrum Capability - Jamestown
bad news for information and network dominance if true.
"An important feature of the new Divnomorye-U is its integration into automated C2, significantly increasing its speed and operational utility. By building this automated element into the design of the system, the EW complex detects and then analyzes the target signal and type, alongside its power and direction of radiation. The high-technology automated system undoubtedly harnesses artificial intelligence (AI) in its processes, then it develops a suppression plan and selects the most effective jamming methods. The Divnomorye-U is designed to emit high-powered radiation that neutralizes enemy radar, regardless of type. It is reportedly capable of jamming both ground-based radars and radars of aircraft such as E-8 JSTAR, E-3 AWACS, E-2 Hawkeye, as well as radar equipment aboard helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Even satellite radar stations would lose sight in the Divnomorye-U coverage area, the Voyenno Promyshlennyy Kuryer article claims. The new complex can transition to combat mode within several minutes, and it can be mounted on a single vehicle (Voyenno Promyshlennyy Kuryer, August 24)."
from (Voyenno Promyshlennyy Kuryer,
The first information concerning such promising samples of electronic warfare (EW) equipment, which, of course, are considered to be "Divnomorye-U", "Palantin", "Tirada-2S" and "Mercury-BM", appeared at the end of 2017. And its source, which does not cause doubts about competence, was Yuri Borisov, who at that time held the post of Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation. He reported on the significant superiority of new electronic warfare systems over existing foreign and domestic analogues. And that their nomenclature and the number of simultaneously determined and suppressed enemy electronic systems, the suppression range, the possibility of selective (targeted) use of interference and the most automated control should be regarded as innovative components of the technical potential that forms this superiority.
"Palantine" over the battlefield
A fundamentally new operational-tactical electronic warfare complex was developed by one of the divisions of Rostec - JSC Concern Sozvezdie. In terms of its functionality, "Palantin" is several times superior to similar complexes of previous generations. Thanks to the equipment with high-tech equipment, it is able to blind the enemy's technical means both in the ultra-short-wave and short-wave range, deprive units of effective management by organizing "intractable problems" with trunking and cellular communications.
The technical capabilities of the "Palantin" allow to ensure the active conduct of effective radio reconnaissance and the effective suppression of all known radio communication systems of a potential enemy. Including complexes formed on the basis of modern software-defined SDR platforms.
"Palantine" is able to neutralize existing and future means of radio communication of the enemy, creating interference of several types:
“"Divnomorye-U" is able to equally successfully "hammer" interference and ground radar, and radar aircraft such as E-8 JSTAR, E-3 AWACS, E-2 Hawkeye, and radar equipment of helicopters and UAVs. In the area of action "Divnomorye" lose "vision" even satellite radar stations”
- strip-barrier;
- discrete-barrier;
- barrage in frequency.
The complex is characterized by a high degree of mobility, it is equipped with the minimum necessary amount of automotive equipment.
An equally important function of the operational-tactical complex "Palantin" is its ability to system formation, that is, the unification of several different electronic warfare systems into one network. This helps to monitor the current situation online and synchronize the use of complexes at different points of basing and at all levels of management.
The Department of Information and Mass Communications of the Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation reported that the Tambov Interspecific Center for Training and Combat Use of Electronic Warfare is retraining servicemen for the operation of the Palantina. 98 servicemen of 24 OBREB ZVO took part in planned classes. It is in this part, as a result of the rearmament, outdated samples of special equipment are replaced by the latest developments equipped with "Palantin".
According to the press service of the Central Military District, promising electronic warfare complexes in 2019 entered service with the troops of the district. Employees of the press service noted that as a result of the re-equipment of military units and units of electronic warfare, the combat capabilities of this type of troops in performing complex and large-scale tasks have increased.
The first practical application of the "Palantin" took place at bilateral regimental exercises of the ZVO (Voronezh region). The key task of the fundamentally new electronic warfare complex was designated as covering the interspecific military group in the south-western direction. According to the plans of the district command, the operational-tactical complex should provide effective protection of the Russian side from missile and cannon weapons and high-precision weapons available to the enemy.
The battalion tactical group with the help of "Palantin" carried out the suppression of radio communication systems (electronic reconnaissance) of the conditional enemy in a strip up to 1000 kilometers wide.
Under the dome of "Mercury"
The Mercury-BM complex (code 1L262), which has another, alternative designation SPR-2M, is a self-propelled electronic warfare system mounted on a light multi-purpose tracked chassis MT-LBu. Several defense enterprises specializing in a certain segment take part in the serial production of the complex:
Plant "Muromteplowoz", which produces the basic chassis.
NPO "Kvant" in Nizhny Novgorod manufactures electronic equipment for SPR-2M.
Kazan Optical and Mechanical Plant, which performs the functions of an assembly site for Mercury-BM.
The purpose of the 1L262 is to effectively counter guided weapons and protect manpower and command posts from artillery fire with ammunition equipped with radio fuses. The principle of operation of the system is based on the detection of the munition, the determination of the carrier frequency of the radio fuse and the setting of the corresponding frequency and power of interference. The result of the action of the complex "Mercury-BM" is the elimination of the munition by detonation at a safe height or the shutdown of the radio fuse with subsequent destruction.
In addition, the range of functionality of the SPR-2M includes:
- reconnaissance mode, not accompanied by interference radiation;
- automatic prohibition of interference with interfering signals (in the appropriate frequency range for a certain time interval);
- providing information about the frequency channels of the received signals.
Photo: phototass1.cdnvideo.ru
Electronics 1L262, operating in automatic mode, a few fractions of a second is enough for accurate (up to several hundred Hz) determination of the frequency of the radio fuse and creating interference. The capabilities of Mercury-BM allow it to simultaneously suppress up to six radio communication channels, and the duration of continuous operation is at least six hours. To deploy the complex in a combat position, the trained crew needs 10 minutes. The dome of the SPR-2M reliably covers the troops stationed on an area of about 20-50 hectares.
Objects of protection 1L262 can be:
- units and units of the first echelon;
- launcher starting positions;
- command posts;
- areas of concentration of troops in the areas of crossings and transport hubs;
- moving objects in need of cover.
"Tirada-2S" looks into space
"Tirada-2S" is a complex of electronic suppression of communication (REPS), capable of being on the surface of the planet, effectively neutralize the satellite communication channel with the subsequent disabling of the spacecraft.
The key striking element of this heavy-duty complex was a narrow beam, the purpose of which is the frequency of certain satellite communication channels. Naturally, any spacecraft, especially for military purposes, must have a high degree of noise immunity. However, the REPS "Tirada-2S" forms targeted barrage interference, maximally overlapping the possibility of transmitting the signal of the addressee. And the attempts of the satellite to overcome the electromagnetic veil set by the ground-based killer system lead to the fastest possible consumption of the spacecraft's energy resource.
It is worth noting that this REPS system is not an attempt to modernize existing systems or deep processing of equipment of previous generations. This is a completely new complex, created from scratch by Russian designers and scientists.
A brief history of the creation of this promising development is as follows. The first development work started back in 2001. The complex was created in two versions: stationary and mobile.
Sixteen years later, in November 2017, Oleg Achas, who at that time held the post of deputy head of the Federal StateBu of the 46th Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, said that as part of the implementation of the Armament Program, designed for the period 2018-2027, the development of two extremely promising projects was nearing completion. One of them was the mobile complex REPS "Tirada-2S".
The documentation of the contract for the supply of the Triad-2S in part of the Russian Defense Ministry took place in August 2018 on the sidelines of the annual international military-technical forum "ARMY". Serial production was entrusted to JSC "Vladimir plant "Elektropibor". According to some sources, the arrival of the first complexes in the troops of the Central Military District was to take place in 2019. However, it is not possible to verify the validity of such allegations in view of the high level of secrecy of the project.
Similar problems are observed in the compilation of a more or less reliable idea of the tactical and technical characteristics of the TIRADA-2S REPS. It is assumed that the functionality of the complex allows to neutralize the satellite communication channels of UAVs-scouts.
As information that deserves attention, but for a number of objective reasons is not credible, it is possible to accept the reports of the Ukrainian media about the detection by OSCE drones of the Tirada-2S complex on the territory of the LPR.
«Divnomorye-U» – veni, vidi, vici
The result of the breakthrough development of domestic science was the latest electronic warfare complex "Divnomorye-U", capable of an umbrella of generated interference to effectively protect from radar reconnaissance an area of several hundred square kilometers. Its functional purpose is to cover from enemy radar stations.
stationary and temporary command posts, air defense systems, military groups, important military-political and industrial centers.
Performance performance features of the latest promising complex are not disclosed, but even on the basis of stingy information leaking into open sources, we can conclude that Divnomorye-U is a unique representative of its class.
Combat use of the complex is carried out in automatic mode. Its equipment detects and instantly analyzes the target signal, as well as the type, power and direction of radiation. The high-tech automatic system independently develops a suppression plan and chooses its most effective type. As a result, the high-power interference radiation created by Divnomorye neutralizes the impact of the enemy's radar, regardless of type.
"Divnomorye-U" is able to equally successfully jamming and ground radar, and radar aircraft such as E-8 JSTAR, E-3 AWACS, E-2 Hawkeye, and radar equipment of helicopters and UAVs. In the area of action of the "Divnomorye" lose sight even satellite radar stations.
Deploying the complex into combat condition takes several minutes, making it difficult to be vulnerable to enemy strike. Promotion, work and withdrawal from the combat position placed on one car "Divnomorye" are carried out in the shortest possible time. That is, in the words of the great Roman emperor, he came, saw, won.
Russian expert circles believe that due to its unique combat capabilities, the Divnomorye-U electronic warfare complex is able to unconditionally replace three complexes in service: Krasukhu-4, Krasukhu-2 and Moscow-1.
According to military historian Dmitry Boltenkov, the creation of universal robotic systems is the main direction of modernization and development of electronic warfare troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
The creation of "Divnomorye" is the output of domestic electronic warfare systems to a fundamentally new technological level. The complex is able not only to suppress an impressive list of goals with minimal human participation, but also to act effectively offline.
It is obvious that the successful work of scientists, designers and testers, which led to the adoption by the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of a number of the latest models of electronic warfare systems, significantly increases the degree of protection of units and units of the Russian army in modern combat.
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